نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دانشجوی دکتری گروه مهندسی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 استاد گروه مهندسی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار گروه مهندسی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
این مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی عوامل تولید نیشکر (نهادههای: فیزیکی – مصرفی) و بهینهسازی انرژی مصرفی برای تولید نیشکر با استفاده از تحلیل پوششی دادهها در استان خوزستان واحد کشت و صنعت امیرکبیر انجام گرفت. اطلاعات لازم برای انجام این مطالعه، از طریق مصاحبه حضوری و تکمیل پرسشنامه از کارشناسان کشت و صنعت نیشکر امیرکبیر جمعآوری شدند. طبق نتایج حاصل، از کل انرژی مصرفی در تولید، انرژی قلمه و کود شیمیایی به ترتیب با 59 و 16 (درصد) بیشترین سهم را در بین نهادههای مصرفی داشت. علف کش 15/3 (درصد)، ماشینهای کشاورزی 09/1 (درصد) و نیروی انسانی 06/0 (درصد) کمترین نهادههای انرژیبر در بین دیگر نهادههای تولید نیشکر بودند. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق مشخص شد که دو نهاده قلمه نیشکر و کود شیمیایی بیشترین میزان مصرف را در بین تمام نهادهها برای تولید دارند. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تحلیل پوششی دادهها نشان داد که کود نیتروژن و نیروی انسانی با 42 و 60/31 (درصد) بیشترین سهم را از انرژی دخیره شده داشتند. کمترین سهم از انرژی ذخیره شده در تولید به ترتیب متعلق به سموم شیمیایی و کود فسفر بود. نتایج نشان داد که کاهش در مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و سوخت دیزل برای ذخیرهسازی انرژی و کاهش مشکل خطر زیستمحیطی در منطقه مهم است. ذخیرهسازی در سوخت دیزل توسط بهبود عملکرد پمپ آبیاری و استفاده از تراکتورهای جدید و آنالیز خاک برای بهبود مصرف کودهای شیمیایی امکانپذیر است.
کلیدواژهها
- (2020). Annual Agricultural Statistics. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture of Iran. (in Persian)
Atashi, M. (2008). Determining the energy efficiency of sugarcane production in Amirkabir cultivation and industry and providing solutions to increase it (M. Sc. Thesis), Agricultural Mechanization, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Ahvaz, Iran. (in Persian)
Banker, R., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. (1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis. Management Science, 30, 1078-1092.
Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8.
Elhami, B., Akram, A., & Khanali, M. (2016). Optimization of energy consumption and environmental impacts of chickpea production using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and multi objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) approaches. Information Processing in Agricultures, 3(3), 190-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2016.07.002.
Emami Meybodi, A. (1999) Principles of Measuring Efficiency and Productivity. 2nd Ed. Tehran: Business Studies and Research Institute. (in Persian)
Espinjari Kanari, R., Shabanzadeh, M., Jansoz, P., & Omidi, A. (2014). Investigating the efficiency of energy consumption in cucumber production greenhouses in Tehran province. Biosystem Engineering of Iran (Agricultural Sciences of Iran), 46 (2), 125-134. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJBSE.2015.55670.
(in Persian)
Fluck, R.C. (1992). Energy for Florida sugarcane. Florida, U. O., Fact Sheet EES-87. Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Florida.
Ghadirianfar, M., Kihani, A., & Omid, M. (2013). Complete energy cycle in ethanol production from sugarcane molasses in Iran. Biosystem Engineering Journal of Iran. 44(2), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJBSE.2014.50121. (in Persian)
Harooni, S., Sheikh Davoudi, M. J., & Kiani, M. (2015). Modeling of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in the process of sugarcane production in ratoon farms using artificial neural networks (case study of Da'abal Khazai sugarcane agroindustrial company in Khuzestan province). Agricultural Machinery Mechanics Research Journal, 4(1), 11-19. (in Persian)
Harooni, S., Sheikh Dawoodi, M., Kayani de Kayani, M. (2017). Prediction of yield and greenhouse gas emissions for sugarcane production in plantations. Journal of Agricultural Machinery, 8(2), 398-401. https://doi.org/10.22067/jam.v8i2.52870. (in Persian)
Hu, J. L., & Kao, Ch. (2007). Efficient energy-saving targets for APEC economies. Energy Policy, 35, 373-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2005.11.032.
Kaab, A., Sharifi, M., & Mobli, H. (2018). Analysis and optimization of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in sugarcane production. Iranian Journal of Biosystem Engineering, 50(1), 19-30. 10.22059/IJBSE.2018.251593.665035. (in Persian)
Kaab, A., Sharifi, M., Mobli, H., Nabavi-Pelesaraei, A., & Chau, K. W. (2019a). Combined life cycle assessment and artificial intelligence for prediction of output energy and environmental impacts of sugarcane production. Science of the Total Environment, 664, 1005-1019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.004.
Kaab, A., Sharifi, M., Mobli, H., Nabavi-Pelesaraei, A., & Chau, K. W. (2019b). Use of optimization techniques for energy use efficiency and environmental life cycle assessment modification in sugarcane production. Energy, 181, 1298-320.
Karimi, M., Rajabipour, A., Tabatabaeefar, A., & Borghei, A. (2008). Energy analysis of Sugarcane production in plant farms, a case study in Debel Khazai agro-industry in Iran. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Science. 4, 165-171.
Khajovi, Sh., Ghiori, M., & Ghafari, M. (2010). Data envelopment analysis technique as a supplement to the traditional analysis of financial ratios. Accounting and Auditing Reviews, 56, 60-41. DOR: 20.1001.1.26458020.1389.17.2.3.7.
Khan, M. A., Zafar, J., & Bakhash, A. (2008). Energy requirement and economic analysis of sugarcane production in Dera Islamic Khan district of Pakistan. Gomal University Journal of Research, 24, 71-81.
Khan, S., Khan, M. A., Hanjra, M. A., & Mu, J. (2009). Pathways to reduce the environmental footprints of water and energy inputs in food production. Food Policy, 34, 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.11.002.
Kitani, O. (1999). CIGR handbook of agriculture engineering. Vol. 5: Energy and biomass engineering. ASAE Pub.
Kouchaki-Penchah, H., Sharifi, M., Mousazadeh, H., & Zarea-Hosseinabadi, H. (2016). Life cycle assessment of medium-density fiberboard manufacturing process in IR Iran. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112, 351-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.07.049.
Mousavi-Avval, S. H., Rafiee, Sh., Jafari, A., & Mohammadi, A. (2011). Improving energy use efficiency of canola production using data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. Energy, 36, 2765-2772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.02.016.
Mrini, M., Senhaji, F., & Pimentel, D. (2001). Energy analysis of sugarcane production in Morocco. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 3, 109-126. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011695731580.
Nabavi-Pelesaraei, A., Abdi, R., Rafiee, Sh., & Taromi, K. (2014). Applying data envelopment analysis approach to improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emission of rice production. Engineering in Agriculture, Environment and Food, 7(4), 155-162.
Naseri, H., Gholami Parashkoohi, M., Ranjbar, I., & Mohammad Zamani, D. (2022). Evaluation of the effect of reduced and conventional tillage methods on machine performance parameters, soil properties and quantitative and qualitative efficiency of sugarcane. Agricultural Mechanization & Systems Research, 22(80), 17-32. https://doi.org/10.22092/amsr.2021.353026.1373. (in Persian)
Naseri, H., Parashkoohi, M. G., Ranjbar, I., & Mohammad Zamani, D. (2021). Energy-economic and life cycle assessment of sugarcane production in different tillage systems. Energy, 217, 119252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119252.
Noor Mohammadi, J., Melai, K., Almasi, M., & Barqaei, A. (2014). Investigation of energy indicators and the impact of input energy on water wheat yield (Niriz city, Fars), Proceedings of the 8th National Congress of Agricultural Machine Engineering (Biosystem) and Mechanization of Iran. Jan. 29, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. (in Persian)
Payandeh, Z., Pour Kamran, Kh. A. & Karimi, M. (2016). The effectiveness of broiler chicken breeding units using date envelopment analysis-A case study Esfahan Province. Iranian Journal of Biosystem Engineering. 47(3), 577-585. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJBSE.2016.59371. (in Persian)
Pishgar-Komleh, S.H., Keyhani, A., Mostofi-Sarkari, M. R., & Jafari, A. (2012). Energy and economic analysis of different seed corn harvesting systems in Iran. Energy, 43, 469-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.040.
Ricaud, R. (1980). Energy input and output for sugarcane in Louisiana. In: Pimentel, D. (Ed.), Handbook of Energy utilization in agriculture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Sami, M., Shiekhdavoodi, M. J., Pazhohanniya, M., & Pazhohanniya, F. (2014). Environmental comprehensive assessment of agricultural systems at the farm level using fuzzy logic: A case study in sugarcane farms in Iran. Environmental Modelling and Software, 58, 95-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.02.014.
Sefeedpari, P., Shokoohi, Z., & Behzadifar, Y. (2014). Energy use and carbon dioxide emission analysis in sugarcane farms: A survey on Haft-Tappeh Sugarcane Agro-Industrial Company in Iran. Journal of Cleaner Production, 83, 212-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.07.048.
Talukder, B., VanLoon, G. W., & Hipel, K. W. (2019). Energy efficiency of agricultural systems in the southwest coastal zone of Bangladesh. Ecological Indicators, 98, 641-648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.11.030.
Zarei Shahamat, A. (2009). Economic productivity in sugarcane production and providing suitable solutions for its improvement in Khuzestan province, A case study of Da'bal Khazai cultivation and industry (M. Sc. Thesis), Agricultural Mechanization, Ramin Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Ahvaz, Iran. (in Persian)