نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم‌، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم‌، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

روغن کنجد یکی از روغن‌های بسیار با کیفیتِ خوراکی است که قیمت بالای آن، انگیزه را برای تولید نمونۀ تقلبی افزایش داده است. بنابراین، شناسایی ناخالصی به ویژه با ابزار یا روش‌های غیرتماسی برای تشخیص خلوص روغن کنجد نسبت به نوع تقلبی آن، اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این پژوهش، میزان اسید‌های چرب نمونه­های خالص روغن کنجد، کلزا، آفتابگردان و ترکیب آنها با سطوح ناخالصی (5، 10، 20، 30، 40 و50 درصد) به روش گازکروماتوگرافی تعیین و سپس، قابلیت سامانۀ ماشین‌بویایی طراحی شده بر پایۀ ده حسگر نیمه‌هادی اکسید فلزی برای تشخیص و طبقه‌بندی نمونه‌ها ارزیابی شد. پس از استخراج بردار ویژگیِ پاسخ حسگرها نسبت به ترکیبات فرار مواد آلی روغن‌ها، داده‌های پیش‌پردازش شده با روش‌های تحلیل چند‌متغیره تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اصلی، تحلیل تفکیک خطی، حداقل مربعات‌ جزئی، K-نزدیک‌ترین همسایه و ماشین بردارپشتیبان به ‌منظور تشخیص و طبقه‌بندی نمونه‌های ناخالص، بررسی شدند. در روش‌ PCA، واریانس مجموعه داده‌ها 68/95 درصد به دست آمد. برای انتخاب الگوی مناسب با دقت بالا، داده‌های به ­دست آمده با روش‌های LDA، KNN و SVM طبقه‌بندی شدند. نتایج نشان داد ماشین بردارپشتیبان با تابع کرنل پایۀ ‌شعاعی در روش C-SVM دارای بیشترین دقت طبقه‌بندی بود و دقت آموزش و اعتبارسنجی به ترتیب 34/96 و 56/90 درصد به دست آمد. بعد از آن، مدل­های LDA و KNN به ترتیب دارای دقت طبقه‌بندی 30/92 و 83/89 درصد بودند. بر پایه نتایج به­ دست آمده، این سامانه به ‌همراه الگورتیم طبقه‌بندی مناسب می‌تواند به عنوان روشی غیرمخرب برای طبقه‌بندی موفق نمونه­ها و تشخیص ناخالصی‌های روغن کنجد به کار گرفته شود.

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