Original Article
ehsan Abdolalizadeh; hossein bakhoda; Morteza Almassi
Abstract
Reduced rainfall, the crisis of Lake Urmia, and the shortage of available agricultural water have intensified environmental concerns among farmers. These crises have adversely affected agriculture to the extent that the country has experienced a decline in food security at the production level. This ...
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Reduced rainfall, the crisis of Lake Urmia, and the shortage of available agricultural water have intensified environmental concerns among farmers. These crises have adversely affected agriculture to the extent that the country has experienced a decline in food security at the production level. This issue can be attributed to the utilization of Lake Urmia's water for selecting new crops. Therefore, it is essential to revisit the decision-making criteria of farmers in West Azerbaijan Province for crop selection. By collecting and coding data from semi-structured interviews with farmers from various regions of the province, five main criteria were identified: economic, environmental, technological, social, and political, along with their associated sub-criteria. Variance analysis of the data, conducted using Python programming, revealed that literacy level and age significantly influenced the prioritization of criteria at a one-percent significance level, while geographical location did not have a significant effect. The weighting of criteria and sub-criteria was performed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The results showed that "environment" and "economy," with weights of 0.398820 and 0.325670 respectively, were the most important criteria for farmers. Within the environmental criterion, "water requirements" was identified as the most important sub-criterion, while "land degradation and soil weakening" received the least importance. This could be due to water scarcity in recent years and the challenges farmers face in ensuring water availability. Considering the importance of profitability as a short-term necessity for farmers, there is a need to focus on long-term priorities that encompass ecosystem sustainability goals.
Original Article
Gholamreza Chegini; Sasan Aliniaeifard; Mohammadreza Khoramtabrizi
Abstract
Using controlled environments with stratified cultivation with artificial light is one of the alternative ways to produce agricultural products in controlled space. With the spectrum of different lights caused by LED lamps, the conditions of plant photosynthesis can be provided in the highest form along ...
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Using controlled environments with stratified cultivation with artificial light is one of the alternative ways to produce agricultural products in controlled space. With the spectrum of different lights caused by LED lamps, the conditions of plant photosynthesis can be provided in the highest form along with other important parameters of plant growth in these greenhouses. In this research, the growth of lettuce was evaluated in different spectrums of artificial light using a stratified culture medium. In this greenhouse, three different combinations of light spectra are produced in this greenhouse: (100% red), (75% red + 25% blue), (50% red + 25% blue + 25% far red), with three exposure treatments of 12, 18 and 24 hours with light intensity of 250 μmol/m2/s was evaluated for lettuce cultivation with hydroponic feeding system. 216 lettuce plants were fully grown in this greenhouse and the red light spectrum had the highest performance. By carefully examining the efficiency of the photosynthesis device and the mutual effects of light quality and exposure time on the performance of Pertavosi variety lettuce, it was concluded that the precise combination of light spectrum and appropriate photoperiod increases the yield of lettuce. The far-red light spectrum played the greatest role in plant height. The highest fresh and dry weight of shoot was obtained in 24-hour exposure and in red and blue-red treatments. The fresh and dry weight of the root was recorded with the lowest amount of exposure of 12 hours. َAlso permanent exposure increases the vegetative growth of plants.
