Original Article
Sadegh Afzalinia; Seyed Ebrahim Dehghanian; Khadijeh Alijani; dadgar mohammadi; Seyed Mashaallh Hosseini; Afshar Estakhr; Seiid Mansur Alavimanesh; Mashaallah Zare
Abstract
In this research, effects of tillage and planting methods (planting on permanent raised beds, no-till, and conventional tillage) on soil properties such as bulk density, moisture content, and organic carbon and water consumption, water productivity, and crop yield were evaluated in the form of randomized ...
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In this research, effects of tillage and planting methods (planting on permanent raised beds, no-till, and conventional tillage) on soil properties such as bulk density, moisture content, and organic carbon and water consumption, water productivity, and crop yield were evaluated in the form of randomized complete blocks experimental design with three treatments and six replicates in corn-wheat rotation. Results showed that the raised bed planting produced the maximum forage corn (95.33 ton/ha) and wheat yield (7.01 ton/ha) and no-till produced the minimum silage corn (87.06 ton/ha) and wheat yield (5.23 ton/ha) which had no significant difference with the conventional tillage. Forage corn consumed the maximum amount of water (9531 m3/ha) in the conventional tillage and the minimum water (8155 m3/ha) in no-till; while, there was no significant difference between treatments from the point of view of water productivity. Wheat consumed the maximum amount of water (7177 m3/ha) in raised bed planting, but there was no significant difference between treatments from the stand point of water productivity. Results also showed that conservation tillage methods increased soil moisture content in forage corn planting (around 11%), but had no significant effect on the soil moisture content in wheat planting.
Original Article
Leila Anbarestani; Morteza Almassi; hossein bakhoda; Mohammad Ghahdarijani
Abstract
The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing strategies for increasing the productivity of agricultural mechanization in wheat production. This research was based on a mixed method and in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. In this research, the integrated approach ...
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The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing strategies for increasing the productivity of agricultural mechanization in wheat production. This research was based on a mixed method and in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. In this research, the integrated approach of SWOT, PESTEL and AHP has been used. First, by using SWOT analysis in the framework of PESTEL, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of wheat production mechanization and strategies to increase the productivity of mechanization of wheat production were identified . Then the process of hierarchical analysis was used to calculate the weight and importance of each of the criteria and strategies. In order to collect data, written sources, interviews and paired comparison matrix questionnaires were used, and the participants in the research were university and organizational experts in the field of agricultural mechanization. The results showed that although mechanization in wheat production has many strengths, the weaknesses are more effective. Also, despite the fact that mechanization has many threats, but the opportunities are more effective. Therefore, the officials should try to make the most of the available opportunities by reducing the weaknesses. As a result, from the expert's point of view, conservative strategies were prioritized in terms of importance. Increasing the technical efficiency, production of suitable technologies for all types of operating systems, improvement and modernization of the system, use of irrigation methods under pressure and create transformation in the process of land preparation , conservative strategies were suggested in this research.
Original Article
zaynolabedin omidmehr
Abstract
Although conservation tillage reduces soil erosion, it is feared that in the early years it will reduce crop yield and increase plant diseases. In order to study the effect of different tillage methods on potato yield and the severity and rate of infection of the main soil-borne diseases of potato (fusarium ...
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Although conservation tillage reduces soil erosion, it is feared that in the early years it will reduce crop yield and increase plant diseases. In order to study the effect of different tillage methods on potato yield and the severity and rate of infection of the main soil-borne diseases of potato (fusarium wilt, dry rot and common scab), an experiment was conducted in the form of a strip plot statistical design based on completely randomized blocks with three replications, where the horizontal factor includes tillage methods: 1- Plowing with a moldboard plow (Conventional method), 2- Reduced tillage with a chisel plow, 3- Plowing with a disc plow and 4- Reduced tillage with a chisel packer, and the vertical factor included: collection and preservation of plant residues. The results showed in the first year, the highest yield of potatoes related to conventional tillage method. However, in the third year of the experiment, the highest yield of potatoes was related to the reduced tillage method with a chisel packer. The effect of tillage methods on potato soil-borne diseases (fusarium wilt, dry rot and scab) was not significant. According to the results of reduced tillage compared to the conventional tillage method, not only did it not reduce the yield of the crop and increase the soil-borne diseases of potatoes, but it also caused a decrease in the field traffic, operation time and fuel consumption. Therefore, it is suggested that the reduced tillage with a chisel packer replaces the conventional tillage with a moldboard plow.
Original Article
Mohammad Ali Rostami; Mohammad Reza Bakhtiari; Mohammad Jafari; Fardin Ranjbar; Masoud Zabolestani; Hooman Sharifnasab; Mahmoud Safari; Karim Gerami
Abstract
this research was carried out to determine the type and contribution of each of the human, technical and agricultural factors affecting the amount of grain loss in wheat harvesting with threshing combines and the economic evaluation of replacing the conventional combine with a threshing combine. In this ...
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this research was carried out to determine the type and contribution of each of the human, technical and agricultural factors affecting the amount of grain loss in wheat harvesting with threshing combines and the economic evaluation of replacing the conventional combine with a threshing combine. In this research, 100 combine harvesters were visited, examined, measured, and sampled in farmers' fields by random sampling. In addition to the measurement of technical indicators including forward speed, farm capacity and combine wheel index, information related to farm and product conditions, type, age and fuel consumption of combines, farm area, amount of straw harvested in farms and economic data including types Costs and incomes were collected by face-to-face interviews with farmers and owners of combine harvesters and completing questionnaires. The results showed that the forward speed of the examined combines was calculated to be 1.96 km/h, which is about 1 km/h less than the average speed of Conventional combines. The farm capacity of the combine was estimated to be 0.38 hectares per hour on average, which is about one-third to half of the farm capacity of common types of combine harvesters in the country. The amount of fuel consumption in the studied combines was 14.01 liters per hour or 37.1 liters per hectare. The average total combined and natural losses of wheat in the harvest stage was 5.05%, and the shares of natural and combined losses were 1.28% and 3.77%, respectively.
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